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Diet and fitness news; weight loss health, nutrition
Washington Post: Consuming large amounts of acrylamide, a chemical commonly found in French fries, cakes, snacks and even coffee, appears to raise the risk of kidney cancer, especially in smokers, Dutch researchers report. "Ours is the first report of a positive association between dietary acrylamide intake and renal cell [kidney] cancer," said study author Janneke Hogervorst, a researcher at Maastricht University in the Netherlands.
BBC: No amount of dieting will alter the number of fat-hoarding cells in our bodies, research has suggested. Scientists at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden say that the number is set during adolescence and stays the same, regardless of obesity later in life. The journal Nature reports how they tested patients who lost huge amounts of weight, and found little change in fat cell numbers.
Common Voice: An intriguing new book just came out on April 1 about fructose. Entitled The Sugar Fix: The High-Fructose Fallout That's Making You Fat and Sick, it's penned by Richard Johnson, M.D., a practicing physician and clinical scientist for over a quarter of a century.
Telegraph: The new study reveals that people with increased levels of the amino acid alanine, which is found in many foods but which is particularly high in animal protein, have higher blood pressure and also increased energy intake, levels of dietary cholesterol, and body mass index. People with increased levels of the metabolite formate, made by the breakdown of the starch in foods such as rice, have lower blood pressure and increased energy intake. Formate arises from the action of microbes in the gut or as a product of metabolism in the body.
Science Blog: The results of a University of Illinois study have demonstrated an effective way to lower cholesterol levels – by eating chocolate bars. “Eating two CocoaVia dark chocolate bars a day not only lowered cholesterol, it had the unexpected effect of also lowering systolic blood pressure,” said John Erdman, a U. of I. professor of food science and human nutrition. The study, funded in part by Mars Inc., the company that makes the bars, was published in this month’s Journal of Nutrition. Erdman attributes the drop in cholesterol numbers (total cholesterol by 2 percent and LDL or “bad” cholesterol by 5.3 percent) to the plant sterols that have been added to the bar and the drop in blood pressure to the flavanols found in dark chocolate.
BBC: A review of 67 studies found "no convincing evidence" that antioxidant supplements cut the risk of dying. Scientists at Copenhagen University said vitamins A and E could interfere with the body's natural defences. "Even more, beta-carotene, vitamin A, and vitamin E seem to increase mortality," according to the review by the respected Cochrane Collaboration.
BBC: A food safety watchdog has called for a Europe-wide ban on six artificial food colourings after research found a link with hyperactivity in children. A total ban on the use of the colours would have to be agreed by the EU.
Ohio State: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a compound naturally found in some meat and dairy products, can reduce body fat in some studies in humans. But a recent study in mice found that the hormone leptin adds an element of protection against side effects that can accompany fat loss with CLA. Martha Belury Without leptin, fat loss occurs in mice eating a diet containing CLA, but the mice also become insulin resistant. When mice are fed CLA and given leptin, the same fat loss occurs but insulin resistance does not develop
EurekAlert: Investigators from Northwestern University found that genistein decreased metastasis of prostate cancer to the lungs by 96 percent compared with mice that did not eat the compound in their chow - making the study the first to demonstrate genistein can stop prostate cancer metastasis in a living organism. “These impressive results give us hope that genistein might show some effect in preventing the spread of prostate cancer in patients,” said the study’s senior investigator, Raymond C. Bergan, MD, director of experimental therapeutics for the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University.
AP: It was a farm idea with a big payoff and supposedly no downside: ridding lakes and rivers of raw sewage and industrial pollution by converting it all into a free, nutrient-rich fertilizer. Then last week, a federal judge ordered the Agriculture Department to compensate a farmer whose land was poisoned by sludge from the waste treatment plant here. His cows had died by the hundreds. The Associated Press also has learned that some of the same contaminants showed up in milk that regulators allowed a neighboring dairy farmer to market, even after some officials said they were warned about it. In one case, according to test results provided to the AP, the level of thallium — an element once used as rat poison — found in the milk was 120 times the concentration allowed in drinking water by the Environmental Protection Agency.
BBC: Salt-rich diets could be the key to why some children battle with obesity, University of London researchers say. In a study of data on 1,600 children, they found that children eating a salty diet tended to drink more, including more fattening, sugary soft drinks.
BBC: The small study conducted at the Australian Institute of Sport in Canberra focused on 20 top-level endurance runners during their intensive winter training programme, when colds and other respiratory infections can be disruptive. Over the four months, all 20 received two month-long courses of pills - one containing the bacterium Lactobacillus fermentum, and the other containing no active ingredients. All the athletes then recorded any days in which they were suffering from symptoms such as coughs and runny noses. They then compared the toll of illness across the group, finding a total of 72 days in which people taking the "dummy" pills complained of symptoms. When the same number of "probiotic" days was examined, only 30 were hit by illness.
News.com Australia: PUMPING iron could play a previously unrecognised role in preventing obesity and diabetes, new research suggests. Scientists made the surprise discovery that body builders' "type II" muscle helps to reprogram the whole body's metabolism. The findings suggest that resistance training gym sessions may be part of the answer to keeping the nation trim and healthy.
BBC: A study of twins found those who were physically active during their leisure time appeared biologically younger than their sedentary peers. The researchers found key pieces of DNA called telomeres shortened more quickly in inactive people. It is thought that could signify faster cellular ageing. The King's College London study appears in Archives of Internal Medicine.
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